Indicating device for phonography and its application.



M. DE PEZZER.

INDICATING DEVICE FOR PHoNoGRAPHY AND ns APPLICATIGN.

APPLCATION FILED JULY 26,1910- l 1,16,1 15. Patented Dec; 28, 1915.

n E l eoaoo l ll Il Il AMWo oo Q w nwo ueooo Lm.

. M. DE P'Ezzsn. INDICATING DEVICE FOR PHONOGRAKPHY-AND ITS APPHCATION.

Armenian man Junvjzc, mo.

Y Patented D00. 28, 1915.

5 .SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. DE PEZZI-IR.

INDICATING DEVICE FOR PHoNoGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 26.19I0,

Patented Dec. 28, 191.".

s SHEETS-suur a.

,five Maru nonna.

Mmm

M. DE PEZZER. INDICATING DEVICE FOR PHONOGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATION.

APPLICATION FILED luLY 2e. 1910.

' 1,166,115... Patented ne@,.2s,1915.

s SHEETS-snm 4.

. M2. DE Pizzas. INDICATING DEVICE FOR PHONOGIIAPIIY AND ITSAPPLICATION.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 26. 1910. 1,166,115. Panama Dee.28,1915

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

, 7kg@ Zzfy. J3 www? ya v l 1M. DE Pizzas.

IDICATING DEVICE FOR PHONOGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATION. APPLICI'TIUN FILEIULY 26. 1910.

Patented Deo. 28,1915.

- B SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' -UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

. morini. DE PEzzER, or PARIS, FRANCE mmcATiNG'DnvI'cE ron. rHoNoenAPHYAND rrs APPLICATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Original' application :Iled J'une 15, 1909, Serial No. 502,274. Dividedand this application led July 26,

' 1910. SerialNo.573,975.l

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, MICHEL DE PEzzER, a

citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, in the Departmentof the Seine,

France, have'invented certain-new and useful Improvements in IndicatingDevices forL reading the ordinary emissions .of a phono` graphsimultaneously with the production of the said sounds.

This invention also refers to the process of preparing the record of amechanically driven apparatus so that the record thusz produced may beoperated in synchronism with the record of a 1 second apparatus,

which is generally a phonograph,.the subject-matter of which isdisclosed in my Patent No. 1,101,326","granted June 23, 1914,' on

application," SerialnNol 502,274, filed June 15, 1909, of whichapplication the present application is a division. l

The essential element of the indicating Q device consistsof alexiblelband unwound by clock-workv and inscribed with the various partsof thepiece to be performed, for

example,- the song-,fthe words and the accompaniment. On thi'sband themusic or the words are not'writtenas -is usual with scores, that is to'.ysa'.y,v i "that instead of` the space existing between the various barsdepending on the number of ksigns to b e arranged between the said bars,this inscription solely depends on the period of time occupied inexecuting the sounds or syllables incl'osed between two consecutivebars. 40

In other. words, when the band is unwouiid, the various musical signs,or the various syllables of the `words, pass (before a fixed pointer,for

example) exactly according to the various alterations of speed impartedto the whole according to the expression it is desired to impart. Itcanfconsequently be understood that by followingthe unwinding of theindicating band, thep'erformers, for example,

the singer and the accompanist, are guided inthe execution of theirrespective parts, so as'to be always together and any h esitancy orinaccuracy in the execution is thereby avoided. Whatever the v,case maybe, the nf *dicating band will generally comprise one or more linesreferring to the melodious part or 1 'to' the declamatory part,vand` oneor more'l p theaccompaniment.: v on Y-Yof Fig. 17. Fig. 19 an elevationother lines referring to Patented Dec. 28,l 1915.

In order practically tocarry out the spe- Y cial rhythmic and expressiveinscri ion referred to above, and at the sa e to obtain agreementlbetween the'lvarious parts,

for the production of the band, it will be necessary to provide a'method for inscribing the rhythm upon the band land-this method`comprises essentially driving the-band past va fixed pomt;l at a speedwhich is proportional to the speed of the sound'producing 'machine andinscribing upon the band as it ypasses the iixed point a visible markwhich 'musical apparatus, more particularly the v phonograph. In thislatter case, by separately recording-the song and the accompaniment, itpermits the singer being accompanied by the phonograph, or, anaccompanist to accompany av song by the phonograph.

I shall now describe my invention with reference' to the accompanyingvdrawings, showing the musical indicator referred to above as' applied toa gramophone, and provided with one 'arrangement' for the production ofthe rhythmic bands of the indicator in accordance withv my method.

Figure 1' is an elevation ofthe Whole arrangement. vFig. -2 is acorresponding-plan view. Fig. 3 is a detail showing the actuatingmechanism "of the rhythmic band. l

i. section on the line Xf-X of Fig. 10. `F i'g.4

1 2 shows a portion of this desk with inscribing styles. Fig.- 13V is adetailed view show- -ingone'of these styles. Fig. 14is'a detailed'l'view, onjalarger scale, showing a longitudinal section of theactuating roller of. the

mar

desk s hownin` Fig.` 10. Fig-.15 is a `pern spective v iew yof themechanism actua-ting this roller.' Fig. 16v is an elevationv showingthis desk; fitted to a phonograph vvand provided.v with its electricalactuating mecha- 'nism'..-Z.Figs. 17 to 21 show A anothermodific'ationzof the ,deskg in` which' Fig.` 17- is a plan'view.- Fig.18 a longitudinali-section showing the mechanism for actuating theengaging and disengaging gear Fig. 20 showing a cross section of thedesk as fitted to the phonograph, and Fig. 21 is a detail showing on alarger scale a longitudinal section of the actuating roller.

The arrangement shown in Figs. l to 3 comprises af guide (a) in which ispassed `the rhythmic indicating band (7)); one of the sides (a) of thisguide is movable so as to permit of rapidly inserting and removing theband (b) ,"this movable side (a) is held in position on the guide (0;)by milled screws (a2) (Figs. l, 2 and 8). The band (b) is unrolled froma stock reel (c) on to a receiving reel (cl). This unrolling movement ofthe band is controlled by a double pin-wheel (e) fitted loose to a shaft(f) which is rotated and at the desired moment rotates the pin-wheel (e)by the intermediation of a coupling disk (g). This disk (g) can slidealong .the shaft (f) but is always carried around on the rotation of thelatter. The inner surface of the disk (g) is provided with slots orrecesses (g), which are for the purpose of meshing with projections (e)provided on theadjacent surface of the pin-wheel (e) -(Figs.2 and Theshaft (f) is rotated by clockwork or in any other suitable manner. Forrthe case in which the indicating band is fitted to a phonographicapparatus, asin the example shown in the drawings, the shaft (f) would ybe rotated by the driving shaft (71.).of the phonograph, by theintermediation of 'any suitable transmission whatever; forexample, thelshaft (la) may be provided with a worm (t)y ,meshingu with a worm-wheel(11), fixed totiiIfpinion which latter meshes with a 'cog-wheel (7)keyed to theu Shaft (f).

In order to facilitate thlefQ- ieadingof the band, more especiallyWhenl; the latter is inscribed-with the song andthe accompani l ment,the'guide (a) may `be inclined at a variable angle, as shown'in' Figsgtand 5; in this case the shaft would consist of two parts, connectedtogether by beveled pin-i ions (j, la).

In order to be able to easily disengage the indicating band (Z2) fromthe 'pin-wheel (e), the guide (a) 'can be turnedslightly around thefixing screw (Z), and is held in position at its other extremity by aset screw (m). The receiving reel (d) has imparted to it a rotarymovement which can be controlled either by the pinswheel (e) or by theclockwork 'of the apparatus.' The side (a) of the guide (a) is providedwith a pointer (n) movable long a rod (o) so as to be brought in frontof the desired'spot ofthe indicating band. A 4

In order to produce this-f'band, it is first necessary to inscribe therhythm of the;``

piece; with this object in'view, the band aci@ sustained the manipulator(r) tuated as has been described, is unwound, and by means of a style onthe emission of each note or each syllable, a line is traced on thisband and is prolonged during the whole period through which this note orsyllable is sustained.' This succession of lines, some long othersshort, constitutes a graphic indication of the rhythm of the piece. Infront of the starting point of each line, the corresponding notes orsyllables are inscribed on the band, and beneath the same thecorresponding notes of the accompaniment. For inscribing this graphicrecord On each emission of notes or syllables the lever of themanipulator (r) will be pressed down, thereby closing the circuit of theelecl tro-magnet (gf), the armature (g) of which will be attracted andthe ,style (p) vwill first trace `a small line approximatelyperpendicular to the line X-'X; during theI Whole period during whichthenote or syllable is is 'kept pressed down, and the style (p) willthen trace on the band a line parallel to the line X-fX, and the lengthof which will depend on the period of time that this note or ysyllableissustained. v

The tracing point of the style (p) may be mounted on an' arrangementwhich permits of removing theband of paper Whenever no line should beinscribed on the band.

Another auxiliary style (s) mounted on av spring and intended to beoperated directly by hand, may be arranged'in front of tire-1 style (p).This second style (s) may be utilized asa substitute for the style l-forfffrnarkingnon the band certain r lines intended? for example, inthe case in,

which an error has been committed in. recording the graphicrecord bymeans of the first style actuated electrically, to permit of immediatelyfinding 'ony theband theplace where the error has been made. Therhythmic graphic' record thus inscribed on the band may be preservedafter the inscription.

of the music and words, o-r it may be rubbed out. The present apparatuswill be provided or not with the` arrangement for inscribing the rhythm,according to the purpose to which the apparatus is to be applied. Forthose persons who desire to make indicating bands, the apparatus shouldcomprise this i--inscribing device just described, whereas for thosepersons who buy the .bands and who -only utilize the apparatus forregulating the agreement of the various arts of the piece, the apparatusneed not e provided with this inscribing device. The apparatus forproducing the band may furthermore consist of one or more printing disks(t), inked by roller (u) (Figs. 6 to 8) and intended for the purpose oftracing the musical staff or staves on the band (b), while the latter isbeing rotated, and th-is is effected simultaneously with the inscriptionof the rhythmic graphic record.

By means of thepresent arrangement of control as applied to aphonograph, and as described above, it is possible to execute one of theparts of a piece by the phonograph .and the other portion can beexecuted by the person with absolute agreement of the two parts. Forexample, the band (b) formed as sho-wn in Fig. 9, and passing along infronte-f the pointer n) permits an 4accompanist (pianist or the like) tofollow the song performed by the phonograph, inasrmuch as theaccompanist is always forewarnedby the inscriptions of the band infrontof the pointer (n) of the exact' moment in which `the notes orsyllables formlng'. the song willbe emitted by the phonograph. Thepresent indicating ar accompanied by a phonograph.

rangement also permits of a singer beingy In'the modification shown indesk, and consists of aboard (a) mounted at an angle on a support fittedto one of the sides of the box of the phono-graph. Two

guides (c.) are fitted `to, the longitudinal'. edges of this board bymeansoff set screw/s" (a2)y and serve to guidethe'band (b) onr which isinscribed, or on which hasto-belin-`r scribed, the rhythmic graphicrecord- 'and' the signs .'or` indications corresponding to thesounds-emitted by the phonograph. The

part (a) isprovided at one of its vextremities with two lugs (as, a)betweenwhic'hisengagedthe stock wheel (c) the spindle (a5) of a crankdisk (a6.) turns freelyfin one of these lugs ma); a slot is provided inthis spindle and engages witha pin or projection provided on one'of thesides of thereel (c). vThe other side of the latter is provided in itscenter with a small recess in which can engage-'a point arranged on theend of4 the lug (af) this'latter is elastic so'as to per"- mit of aneasy andrapidinsertion and -removal of the-reel '(0). `Atits other 'endthe part (a) is provided with two other lugs (a7, as), between vwhichare mounted the pin-wheel (e) and thejreceiving wheel (Z)"; in order toincrease the contact surface ofl i y the band with the pin-wheel (e) aboss (a2) 'is formed at the back end of thevpart (a). IThe pin-wheel (e)ismounted loose on a shaft (e2) (Fig. 14) mechanically'connectedrigs. ionel 11, the vapparatus assumes the form .of a

(g) constantly engaged with the pin-wheel (e). Now, 1n o-rder that thecoupling can be maintained in the disengaged position, the shaft (c2) isprovided with a bayonet groove (e3, e4) in which can be displaced a pin(g3) provided on the coupling l(gr). The coupling (g) can be disengagedby hand or by the intermediation of a manipulating lever (g4). The reel(d) is rotated by the pin-wheel (e) by the intermediation of atransmissioncord or belt (e5), which latter is preferably elastic. Now,in order to establish or interrupt the mechanical connection between thepin-wheel (e) and the receiving `wheel. (d), this latter may be providedat its extremity with two pulleys, the oney (d) of vwhich fixed to thereel and the other (d2) 'by the cog-wheel. (zl),of the mechanism of thephonograph lby the intermediation of two shafts (f) and (Fig. 15); thesetwo shaftsare carried 1n a framework (f2) 'provided with a collar (f3)vfitted to one of the. columns or pillars ofthe clock-work of thephonograph.v

The present arrangement can consequently be, applied to all existingphonographs. When the apparatus is utilized for causing a ban'd to beunwound' synchronously with the emissions of the phonograph, one ofl theslides of the guides is provided with a rod (o) along which an indicatoror pointer (n)- can'be moved ;v at the moment the first sound is emittedby the phonograph, this pointer (n) will be brought in front of thefirst .inscription of the band.

F001 the .case in which the apparatus is employed for inscribing theindicating band, the guides (a) are provided with one, two,

or more electric styles (Fig. 12); for example, on the upper guide aremounted two stylesV (p) (p2), and on themlower guide a style (p3). Eachof these styles is formed by a pencil holder (p), the leadof which isconstantly held in contact with the bandby the action lof the spring (p)(Fig. 13j.)

.These pencil holders are respectively fitted to the 'armature of theelectro-magnets (q,

rl, g3); the two electro-.magnets (g, g2) ofthe two upper styles arearranged in the same lli circuit and are actuated by' the'samemanipulator (7'), these two styles will trace two identical graphicrecords on the band; the use of these two styles. is a precautionarymeasure for the case in .which one of them for any reason-whatsoevermight fail to act.

of marking on the band certain inI 'eating These two upper styles arefor the purpose of tracing the rhythmic graphic record. The

lower style is arranged in a separate circuit and is controlled by asecond manipulator This lower style is for the urpose signs, referencemarks and the like.

The two manipulators may be arranged as -shown in Fig. 16 on the rightand on the lert ofthe phonograph so that the operator can operate themampulator (7') with the right hand and (7") with the left hand, whileat the same time, following the bandv 'as it is unwoud on the board (a).If at a certain moment it is necessary to sto the movement of the band,the operator w1ll only have, to act on the lever (g4) .in order todisconnect the coupling. n f

If it is desired to maintain the coupling disk disconnected while thephonograph continues working, the coupling (g) will be drawn back andturned slightly from right to leftl by hand, whereby its pin (g3) willbe drawn back and lengage in the part (e4) of the groove of the shaft(e2). When it is desired'to start the band again, the coupling will beturned in the inverse direc- 3 .tion, so as to bring the pin (g3) intothe part (es) of the groove; the' coupling' (g) wunder the action of thespring (g2) will then rengage with the pin-wheel (e) The whole of thearrangement can bev completed by a desk (t) `for the purpose ofreceiving, for

example, the score containing the piece sung by the phonograph when itis desired to control the-piece inscribed on the score and theinscription of the rhythmic4 band.

In the modification shown in Figs. 17 to 21, the pin-wheel (e) iscovered over by cap or case I which can turn around .its .pivots 2; thiscap is for the purpose of maintaining the rhythmic band (b) in contactwith the upper part of-the'pinwhee1(e); thisarrangement permits-at thecommencement of lan operation of more easily placing the band (b) inposition, inasmuch as itsuifices to raise the cap I, to place the freeend of the band of the upper part of'the wheel (c) and to push downthecap I again. This modification, furthermore, comprlses a special devicefor actua-ting the engaging and disengaging gear of the pin-wheel (e),and of the receiving reel (d) This arrangement is'combined so 'assimultaneously to control the engaging or the disengaging of the4 saidpin-wheel and the reel so as to avoid the impossibility of any wrongmanipulation.

The nin-.Wheel (e) and the receiving reel (d) are both mounted loose onthelr respective spindles (e2, d4), and are rotated by two I Fig. 21.'The displacements of the two couplings (g, (Z5) are controlled by leversv(g, di), and these latter are actuated simultaneously by a single cam 3keyed to a spindle 4 provided with a manipulating lever 5. According asthe latter is moved 1n one or other direction so will the couplings (g,d5) be moved forward ordrawn back on their respective spindles and willthus occasion the connecting up or disconnection of the pin-wheel (e)and the reel(d). Springs 6,

7 -constantly tend to maintain the couplings (g, d5) in connection withthe pin wheel (e) and the receivingl reel (d).-Fig. 20 shows the methodof mounting the desk (a) on a support 8 of special-.shape litted to thewall of the box of the phonograph.

The present system of rhythmic inscription 1s capable of numerousapplications.

They present apparatus can be advantageously employed for recordingphonographic disks.

At present when an artist sings or speaks in front of a phonograph? forthe purpose ofprecording a piece, he is constantly preoccupied with thenecessity of terminating his piece within the required time, and if therecording of the piece has not been finished at the moment in which therecording style has reached the end of its .course on the disk orcylinder the latter will be of no use, and

the artist will have, to recommence his piece; but, inasmuch as,in'order to obtain a sharp inscription on the disk, it is 'necessary tosing or speak out very loud, the result will be- Very tiring fortheartist. The present svstem of rhythmic indicator does away with thisinconvenience. Before performing a piece out aloud the artist firstsings it softly while the phonographlorl the registering apparatus turnswithout disk or cylinder, wh-ile vat lthe saine time rotating a band onwhich the operator traces the rhythmic graphic record of the song to berecorded by scanning on the manipulator the syllables of his song. If4the piece isf' performed within therequired time, the syllables maythen be inscribed on the band in front of the corre-l sponding lines ofthe the contrary, the piece aphic record;iif, o n has not beenterminated-within the vrequired time, the artist fixed wdll have tobegin again, but this fresh performance of the piece will not tiretheartist because, as has been stated, he is only singing softlyWithout'effort and consequently without fatigue. When the rhythmicgraphic record of the piece performed has been. ob. tained within therequired time, the wax disk is placed on the phonograph, and the bandinscribed with the graphic record is` introduced into the apparatus. Thephonograph is then started, and the artist performs they piece with thestrength of voice deemed necessary; as the band is unwound at the samespeed as during its inscription, the artist has no longer to worryhimself about the time allotted to him,cnly having to vsing according tothe inscriptions of the band passing inV front of his4 eyes.

The present apparatus may also be used for any kind of instruction,because the agreement which it supplies between the signs read and thesounds heard produces' 1n the brain an intimate correlation betweenthese signs and these sounds and byy frequent repetition thiscorrelation can be in the mind. For example, when teaching singing, orsolfeggio the professor may record on a disk and inscribe, as has beenstated above, on an indicating band various principles of. son orsolfeggio and mtercalate various perormed examples. The pupil can thenby obtaining this disk and this band and arranging them on a.

' phonograph provided with the present aras rangement, repeat lthem asoften as desired,

'following the lesson with his eyes ati the same time that he hearsit.'

he present apparatus can also be used for the instruction of languages;thus, the phonograph might ronounce a series of foreign words, and t eband would present to the eyes of the auditor either their transtion, asdescribed above.

.lation or their spelling; the agreement of the inscriptions o the bandand of the words ronounced by the phonograph would also. Obtained bymeans of a graphic inscrip- By this method of y teaching, the auditorwould be ra idly familiarized AWith the signification o the Words orwith their pronunciation.

In the case in which the indicating band I' has to be read by severalpersons at one and the same time, the ap aratus will be of largerdimensions and t e band will be exwsed at a suitable height above theground.

ith the resent indicating apparatus mechanical pianos or organs may beemployed for accompanying a piece performed by an artist or by aphonograph. i

As previously described, 'a rhythmicL v. 'scri hic record of the piecewould be first ind; then according to this Vgraphic reeerei will bedetermined the peeaien ef the perforations of .the or rolls of the@mechanical pianosor organs so as toy shape, dimensions an establish theagreement'between the accomor organ withthat of the phonograph, or.

the actuating device of a rhythmic band in accordance with tha-t whichhas served to manufacture these rolls, in order to obtain synchronismbetween the accompaniment executed by the mechanical piano or organ andthe piece sung by the phonograph or artist. In the case in which thepiece is performed by an artist, it sufiices for the latter to' sing,-peak or play while following the passage of the rhythmic band. A

The resent indicating apparatus may also be app ied for synchronizingthe movement of a cinematograph or moving picture apparatus with thoseof a phonograph or sound producing apparatus in the following manner.While the artist is singing, if desired, -even relatively softly, acinematographic apparatus may be used to successively photograph hispostures, the play of his physiognomy, the movements of his lips, etc.,and during such procedure a rhythmic graphic of the song will beinscribed on the band, thus affordlng an auxiliary record. which closelycorresponds throughout with the rhythm of the song, and which is insynchronism with the corresponding portrayals u on. the cinematographicrecord or. film. This band is then unwound in the ap paratus'at the samespeed, and the'artistv sings out loud before the phonographwhilefollowing the inscriptions of the band pass,-

in along in front of him.

ite

presentv invention may als'o be applied. Y

for guiding in a":precise manner the performers of the various parts ofa piece. Ank indicating apparatus will be arran gedin" front of leachperformer, and all the indicati ing apparatus will be drivensynchronously.`

s clear that the present indicating apparatus for recording the rhythmis capab e of numerous other applications, and that thev arrangement lofdetail maly vary accordngto, the applications. t is tobe understood thatin the ap claims the term record` is to be use in its ded broad senseand 'ma v'hence be applied to al,

phonographic recor or to acinematographic I I record orilm, or to therecord of piece of apparatus. .f

Having now particularly described 'and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention,

formed, I-declarezthat what I claim is:` j, I

e and'inwhat manner the same is tobe per; I

f 1. The method'of preparingthe recnd-Ioff"-` f i a mechanically drivensound producing in-1 strument,I so that the recordmay be operated in'synchronism with the band of a" rhythmic indicator, whichcpmpriseseife'ct- 'i mg a relative'movement between' the hand `and a point ataspeed directly proportional to the speed at which the sound producinginstrument drives its record carrying part past the xed. part of thesound producing instrument which controls the emissionvof soundstherefrom, in inscribing upon .said band as 1t passes said fixed pointeach time a sound or tone is heard Which is to) be thereafter emittedfrom the instrument,

a visible mark Which registers the beginning, and end of each such soundor tone, and thereafter eiecting a second similar movement of said bandWhile simultaneously recording the tones and sounds upon the record ofthe sound producing instrument inv proper consonance With the relativemovement or said marks indicating'suchv sounds or ltones with respect tothe xed point,`

2. The method of preparing'the 'record of` a sound producing instrumentso that the record may be operated in synchronism with the band of arhythmic indicator, which comprises driving said band past a Lxed pointat a speed directly proportional' to the speed With- Which the recordcarrying part of the instrument is driven past the ixed part of theinstrument whichv controlsl the.

sounds emanating therefrom, in inscribing upon said band as it passessaid iixed peint a visible mark registering the beginning and end ofeach sound or tonervvhichisto be thereafter emitted by the soundproducing instrument, whereby a graphic record ot the sounds or tones tobe produced is recorded, and in then effectinga second similar move- 3 ement ci@ said band and in reproducing upon the record oi the soundproducing instrument each time a graph indicating a'sound or tone passesthe xed point of the indicator the sound or tone which correspondsthereto.

3., in the process of preparing the record oi a mechanically drivenapparatus, so that said record may be operated in synchronism with therecord of a second apparatus, one

at least oit said apparatus being a phonograph, the steps which consistin ed'ecting relative movement between a given point and areceivingsurface at a speed proportionate 4to that of one oi said a3'aratus makin@n 7 E) vparticular indications upon said surfacesiinultaneously with the production of preliminary or". trial sounds oriones, eachoi then repeating said sounds or tones to the phonograph inthe same sequence and duration respectively as the marks were recordedphotographing the moving` subject and making a rhythmic graphic recordof the sounds or tones produced by the subject'vvhile beingphotographed, and then making a phonographic record of said sounds ortones by` deliveringthe same toa phonograph at a speed.

proportionateto the movement of thecamera as determined vby the saidrhythmic record. l t v 5. The method'oi preparing a movable bandror arhythmindicator adapted to be `driven past a fixed point in synchronismWith a mechanically driven sound producing instrument, the steps whichconsist in efvfecting the movement of the lband pasta fixed point at a`speed directly proportional' to the speed With which the soundproducing instrument is adapted to drive its movable record past therelatively fixed .part of the instrument which controls'the emission ofsound therefrom, and in inscribing upon said band as it passesfsaid xedpoint each' time la sound or tone is heard which is to be indicated, avisible mark registering the beginning andend of each such sound ortone.

6. The method of, preparing a movable band for a rhythm indicatoradapted to be driven past a fixed point in synchronism with amechanically driven sound producinginstrument, the steps which consistin eiecting the movement oi the band past a i'iXed point at a speeddirectly proportional to the speed with which the sound producinginstrument is adapted to drive its movable record past the relativelyired part of the instrument Twhich 4 controls the, emission oi soundtherefrom, in inscribingupon said band as it passes said :ined pointeach time a sound or tone is heard 'which is to ble indi- Y in, WitnessWliereoh subscribe my signao Witnesses.

ture, in the presenceo'i t Mimi

